[影評]黑天鵝Black Swan:Movie about Mother-Daughter Sexual Abuse

轉載自PTT

文/faithallen 譯/wwords (Danny)

我和姊姊利用假日時看了黑天鵝。身為性侵受害者，這部電影的主題對我們來說再明顯不過了。但是我假設那些沒有受過性侵創傷的人，是很難看出其中真正端倪的。目前為止，我尚未在網路上看到有關電影中媽媽對女兒性侵害的相關解讀出現。所以我猜想多數人並沒有真正領略出電影背後的涵義。

黑天鵝大致上是在講述一個極具天份但極度壓抑的芭蕾舞者Nina，因為角色的需要而想盡辦法要挖掘她內心黑暗慾望的那一部分。Nina 被選派為芭蕾舞劇天鵝湖的要角，唯獨總監湯馬持保留態度。湯馬深信Nina非常適合脆弱的白天鵝，同時他也認為由Nina來扮演代表慾望誘惑的黑天鵝還不夠到位，因為在她身上並沒有看到這些特質 (這兩個角色必須由同一位舞者來詮釋)。

電影完全是由Nina的觀點來敘事。剛開始她有點無法進入狀況，但之後為角色所下的功夫已經有點像是出軌列車般的失控，觀眾自然會覺得片中的虛實真假交錯很吃力，因為連Nina自己也分不清楚，整部電影就像是沒有任何參考圖案可循的破碎拼圖，已經提供了足夠的線索，但必須靠你自己去拼湊起來。我推測大部分去看電影的人不會有(像我)這樣的概念，只會覺得Nina的精神情緒失控是整部片唯一合理的解釋，而我想這就是導演主要想傳達的。

但對於姐姐和我來說(兩位都是母親性侵的受害者)，失落(隱喻)的那一塊再明顯不過，以下我將要分享自己的經驗，還未看過或即將要看電影的請勿閱讀，以免破壞觀賞興致：

任誰都看得出來，Nina和母親之間的關係有點詭異，Nina差不多20歲左右了，但是她在母親面前所表現出來的樣子卻像是個小女孩般，例如使用"媽咪"、"yummy"(好吃)等小孩子才會使用的字眼。Nina的房間佈置得就像個小女孩般，擺滿了填充玩具，Nina的媽媽則是會幫她脫衣服，對待她的方式也像對待小孩般，同時也會責罵Nina老是亂抓自己(和"切"、"割"類似，引申媽媽大概知道Nina在自殘)

當Nina在做她"開發自己另一面的作業"(自慰)時，她看到母親睡在她的臥室裡，這是引喻Nina和母親在性方面有某種程度的連結，當Nina試圖喚起她內心的慾望時，同時也會喚醒母親。

接著是芭蕾舞者Lily試著和Nina交朋友，Nina自然(在腦袋裡)把媽媽和Lily連結在一起。Nina查覺到她正在努力的發掘自己慾望的那一面(我們看到的是湯馬和Lily對Nina在性方面有更進一步的接觸)，並透過和Lily在房間裡做愛達到高潮，進入她慾望的那一面，但事實上根本沒發生(注：譯者指出依照幻想中母親面孔的出現，代表事實上Nina是跟母親做愛)。在Nina的認知裡，誘惑隨之而來的是背叛，Nina理所當然就把Lily視為隨時要搶她角色的競爭者，唯有殺死Lliy，當然也隱喻著必須殺死媽媽，這樣她才能蛻變成為黑天鵝(當然只在她的潛意識裡)。

為了讓觀眾更明確的知道媽媽就是引發Nina問題一切的根源，當Nina表演白天鵝自殺那一幕時，母親就成了觀眾席裡唯一的焦點，因為母親就是Nina精神衰潰的主要原因！
(注：網友們認為就算不是性侵，母親的掌控慾也是Nina崩潰主因)
原文
http://faithallen.wordpress.com/2011/01/03/black-swan-movie-about-mother-daughter-sexual-abuse/

My sister and I saw the movie Black Swan together over the holidays. As two survivors of mother-daughter sexual abuse, the underlying theme driving the story was glaringly obvious, but I suspect that the movie is much more of a puzzle for those who have not suffered from childhood trauma. I don’t see much yet over the Internet about the mother-daughter sexual abuse in Black Swan, so I wonder how many people are swept away by the truths in the movie without making sense of the logic.

The basic storyline of the movie Black Swan is about a talented but repressed ballet dancer named Nina (played by Natalie Portman) trying to access the passionate part of herself at the expense of her sanity. Nina is cast in the lead of the ballet Swan Lake despite the reservations of the director Thomas (played by Vincent Cassell). Thomas admits that Nina is a slam dunk for the White Swan part of the role, which is virginal, but he has concerns about the repressed Nina tapping into her passionate side to perform the Black Swan. (The same ballerina must perform in both roles.) The Black Swan is supposed to be passionate and seductive, which are two words that don’t come to mind when you see Nina.

The movie is completely from Nina’s point of view. She is a bit “off” at the beginning, but her efforts to access her inner passion are like a runaway freight train into madness. The audience has a hard time knowing what is real and what is in her head because Nina herself has no idea. The movie is like only being provided with half of the jigsaw puzzle pieces with no picture to reference. The movie provides you with just enough of the puzzle to come close to seeing what is really going on, but you have to provide the missing piece yourself for the picture to come into focus. I suspect that most people who go to see this movie won’t have that missing puzzle piece and will leave the movie feeling Nina’s emotional disturbance without the “aha” moment of the logic that ties it all together … and I suspect that is was the director was going for.
To my sister and me (both survivors of mother-daughter sexual abuse), the missing piece seemed pretty obvious. I will build my case below, but don’t read further if you plan to see the movie and don’t want any spoilers.

Anyone can tell that there is something “off” in Nina’s relationship with her mother (played by Barbara Hershey). Nina is supposed to be in her 20’s, but she acts like a little girl in her mother’s presence, using words like “mommy” and “yummy.” Nina’s bedroom looks like a little girl’s room with lots of stuffed animals. Nina’s mother undresses her and treats her like a little girl. Her mother also chastises Nina for scratching herself (similar to cutting).

When Nina masturbates as “homework” to try to access her inner passion, she sees her mother asleep in her bedroom. This was a metaphor for her mother being connected to her sexuality, and Nina’s attempts to awaken her passion would also awaken her mother.

Fellow ballerina Lily (played by Mila Kunis) tries to befriend Nina, which connects Lily to Nina’s mother in Nina’s head. Nina perceives any effort to invest in her as sexual (as shown by Nina’s perception of sexual advances by both Thomas and Lily), and Nina is only able to climax (and, thereby, access her passion) by believing that Lily has seduced her in her little girl bedroom (which never really happened). Seduction must be followed by betrayal in Nina’s head, which causes Nina to view Lily as a rival trying to take away her role in the ballet. Nina can only become the Black Swan (again, in her own head) by killing Lily, which by extension is killing her mother. Only then can she be the Black Swan.

Just in case the audience needs confirmation that the mother was the cause of Nina’s issues, the mother is the focal point in the audience when Nina takes her suicidal plunge as the White Swan at the end of the ballet. Nina’s actions and reactions (in her head) are toward others, but her mother is the central focus of her mental deterioration.

Have any of you seen the movie Black Swan? What did you think? Do you agree with my interpretation? I think the movie makes so much sense when seen through the lens of mother-daughter sexual abuse.

其他影評：
http://movie.kingnet.com.tw/movie_critic/?r=6223&c=BA0004
http://pm185.pixnet.net/blog/post/33321738-%E3%80%90%E9%BB%91%E5%A4%A9%E9%B5%9D%E3%80%91-%E5%BD%B1%E8%A9%95